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You've probably heard some impressive claims about Viagra — it's a bedroom "game-changer," it's a miracle drug, etc.
Viagra's name is widely known. It’s the most popular erectile dysfunction (ED) medication in the world today, and for good reason — for most men, it works.
But how does Viagra work? How real is the hype? What does Viagra do to your sexual experience, and what can you expect sex to look and feel like after taking it?
These are all good questions, and we’ve covered it in detail here —below you’ll find information about what Viagra is, as well as:
What happens when you take it
What it does to men
How you know it’s working
The side effects
Common Viagra myths
The lowdown on Viagra and sexual performance is below… so scroll down.
Viagra® has one of the biggest glow-up stories in the world of medicine. Originally designed as a blood pressure medication for people trying to avoid chest pain and stiff left arms, it quickly became clear that the little blue pill’s most curious side effect wasn’t causing low blood pressure, but making something else (yes, a penis) stiff, too.
When they realized it could be prescribed to help men with ED function more normally, they knew they had a hit on their hands.
Since it came onto the market in the late 90s, Viagra has grown from a niche medicine into a medication used by millions of men around the world treating erectile dysfunction (ED).
Today, Viagra and its active ingredient sildenafil is still prescribed for pulmonary arterial hypertension (under the name Revatio), but it’s mostly and most popularly known for its penile powers.
So what’s in Viagra? Well, it’s not starch from your dry cleaners. Viagra is a medication for erectile dysfunction.
Viagra’s main ingredient sildenafil is part of a class of drugs referred to as PDE5 inhibitors, which (unlike over-the-counter supplements) are approved by the FDA for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
This gov approved medication comes in tablet form, with both medications designed for use approximately one hour before sex. Sildenafil — does this by inhibiting an enzyme referred to as phosphodiesterase 5, or PDE5.
The PDE5 enzyme is responsible for controlling blood flow to your penis. By preventing PDE5 from working properly, Viagra essentially gives blood a green light to flow into the erectile tissue inside your penis whenever you feel sexually stimulated.
Viagra and similar forms of erectile dysfunction medication work by inhibiting PDE5 and making it easier for blood to flow to your penis and produce an erection.
By inhibiting PDE5, the blood vessels that supply your penis can relax, increasing their size and allowing blood to flow more freely. Since erections are all about healthy blood flow, this can improve your erections and allow you to have sexual intercourse.
The mechanism of action behind how Viagra works (as well as other oral ED medicines, like Cialis® and Levitra®) is fairly simple once you understand it.
There’s no “magic” to how Viagra works, and contrary to popular belief, it won’t make you get an erection spontaneously unless you’re already sexually aroused. It also has no significant impact on your level of interest in sexual activity, or issues such as sexual desire disorders.
While explaining what Viagra does is fairly simple, explaining the exact mechanism behind it — as well as the unique effects of PDE5 — is a little more complicated.
Like similar medications in its class, Viagra works by improving blood flow to your penis. Increased blood flow makes it easier for you to get and maintain an erection. Pretty simple stuff, at least on paper.
If you have erectile dysfunction, Viagra can be extremely beneficial to your sexual function and experience, as well as the level of enjoyment you get from sex. Even a relatively modest dose of Viagra can make it significantly easier to get hard and stay hard during intercourse.
In clinical trials of Viagra, more than 82 percent of men with erectile dysfunction reported an improvement in their erections after using Viagra at a dosage of 100mg (the highest dosage prescribed for ED).
Even at the lowest prescribed dosage of 25mg, Viagra produced improvements in erections for 63 percent of men with erectile dysfunction.
Erections require a combination of stimulation and blood flow. When you feel sexually aroused, whether it’s due to visual stimulation, physical stimulation or both, impulses from your nervous system cause blood to flow to your penis.
Both brand name Viagra and its generic version sildenafil work by increasing blood flow to your penis. The corpora cavernosa — a pair of sponge-like areas of tissue inside your penis — relax, letting blood flow freely into the penis. This blood fills the tissue and causes your penis to expand and harden.
To keep your penis firm during sex, a fibrous membrane called the tunica albuginea contracts, trapping blood inside your penis until you either no longer feel stimulated or reach orgasm and ejaculate.
Oh, believe us... You won't have to figure out whether or not Viagra's working. You'll know.
It generally takes about an hour to start working, although it may require slightly more time if you consume a large, high-fat meal before or shortly after using this medication.
When Viagra starts working, you won’t suddenly develop an erection or notice any rapid change in your sex drive or sexual arousal. Viagra also isn’t a psychoactive medication, meaning it won’t have any noticeable effect on the way you feel, think, or perceive things during sex.
Instead, you’ll find it easier to get and maintain an erection after taking Viagra. This might mean that you’re able to get an erection when you normally wouldn't, or that your Viagra erections have a greater degree of firmness than usual.
The effects of Viagra are purely physical, but it won’t change your emotions. However, if you have erectile dysfunction, Viagra’s effects on your sexual performance can provide a confidence boost or make sex more enjoyable.
In some cases, using Viagra might not make your erection develop faster or become firmer than usual, but might make it easier for you to maintain an erection during sex.
Wondering if your man is taking a pill to keep up his energy in bed? You could check his medicine cabinet, send an email to his doctor asking what prescription drugs he’s on, or have his blood tested. All of these things are, of course, unethical or illegal, so we’d suggest avoiding that altogether.
Unfortunately, there aren’t going to be any noticeable changes that’ll tell you he’s using Viagra. If you want to know, why not consider communicating like adults? He may be embarrassed to need the medication (which might be why he hasn’t already told you), but if you let him know that it’s nothing to be embarrassed about, you might get your answer while also bringing you two closer together.
If you’re keeping a really close eye on your partner’s dick, you may notice the signs he’s taking Viagra. More frequent erections, fewer partial erections and no floppy interruptions to your sex life are all signs that things are working normally downstairs.
If those normal signs are a “new” normal for you, then it’s possible he’s on medication (though Viagra is just one of many options). Aside from that, however, there’s really no obvious tell. And even if his erections are suddenly more full and frequent, it’s not necessarily a sign of medication—he could just be improving his health.
Before you start thinking Viagra's some kind of perfect pill, let's talk side effects. Common side effects of Viagra include:
Dyspepsia (indigestion)
Myalgia (muscle pain)
Abnormal vision (blurred vision and/or changes in color vision called retinitis pigmentosa)
Back pain
Dizziness
Nausea
Rash
Headaches
Nasal congestion
Facial flushing
In rare cases, Viagra can also cause more severe side effects, including
Priapism (a prolonged, painful erection)
Sudden loss of vision
Loss of hearing
Damage to the optic nerve
If you notice any of these serious side effects after taking Viagra, seek medical attention right away.
Viagra is a safe and effective medication for most men. However, you should always talk to your healthcare provider before using it, especially if you have a personal history of medical issues such as:
Sickle cell anemia
Heart disease
Recent heart problems or heart failure
A previous heart attack or cardiovascular event
Like other medications, Viagra can cause drug interactions, including with medications such as alpha-blockers or nitrates. Common nitrates include nitroglycerin, as well as recreational drugs such as “poppers” that contain amyl nitrate and/or butyl nitrate.
Informing your healthcare provider about any medications you currently use or have recently used can prevent this.
Viagra may call up different memories depending on who you ask. Some may have heard about its superpowers, while others may have only heard horror stories. The fact is that Viagra and similar medications have the capacity to be many things, but here’s what the public tends to get wrong.
This question is tough to answer with a simple yes or no since it depends on various factors. There’s currently no scientific evidence that Viagra can make you last longer in bed. However, Viagra could potentially improve your general sexual performance overall. And there are a few studies that suggest Viagra may be a potential treatment option for men that suffer from premature ejaculation (PE):
In a 2007 study, researchers noted that Viagra is “effective and safe” for treating PE, and that it had a higher efficacy level than the SSRI paroxetine or the “squeeze” technique.
A different study in 2005 found that while Viagra didn’t significantly impact intravaginal ejaculatory latency (the amount of time until ejaculation), it did improve men’s confidence, sexual satisfaction and perception of ejaculatory control.
Superheroes love quick changes, but your dick isn’t going to go from Clark Bent to Superstiff the second this pill hits your stomach (also, don’t take this medication on an empty stomach).
Viagra doesn't work instantaneously. The Food and Drug Administration recommends taking Viagra around one hour before you intend on having sex.
Another common belief about Viagra is that it can reduce your refractory period — the amount of time that needs to pass for a man to recover after having sex and reaching orgasm.
In this case, the common belief about Viagra is actually true. Scientific studies usually show that ED medications such as Viagra reduce the amount of time needed to recover after sex, often by quite a significant amount.
For example, a small study of 20 people that looked into Viagra’s effect on refractory time found that a standard 100mg dose of sildenafil citrate reduced the average male post-sex recovery time from 10.8 +/- 0.9 minutes to 2.6 +/- 0.7 minutes.
A different study published in the Journal of Sexual Medicine also found that some men with PE were able to recover in less time after sex after using Viagra.
However, it’s worth noting that not every study produces these results, suggesting that Viagra’s potential effects on refractory time may not be the same in all men.
Another common myth about Viagra is that it can increase your sex drive and cause you to feel more motivated to have sex.
Viagra is designed to improve your physical performance during sex — that is, your ability to get and maintain an erection. However, it isn’t associated with any significant increase in your level of sexual interest, sexual arousal or your sex drive in general.
For the most part, the male sex drive is controlled by hormonal factors, from adrenal hormones to androgen hormones such as testosterone. For example, a common sign of low testosterone is a weaker-than-normal sex drive.
Viagra isn’t a hormonal medication. As such, it won’t have any significant effects on your levels of androgen hormones or sex drive. Instead, Viagra simply makes it easier to get and maintain an erection when you’re already in the mood for sex.
Although Viagra can make it easier to get and maintain an erection, it does not seem to have any effect on the way sex feels.
Taking Viagra won’t make you feel more stimulated during sexual activity, nor will it result in any positive or negative change in the level of sensation you feel. There’s also no research showing that Viagra causes more intense or satisfying orgasms.
With this said, if you suffer from ED, using Viagra may produce a noticeable improvement in the general level of enjoyment you get from sex due to its effects on your sexual performance.
Viagra can also have an indirect psychological effect by making you feel more confident in bed, which may improve your sexual experience overall.
However, there’s no evidence to show that Viagra changes the way sex feels or has any impact on the physical sensations you experience during sex.
Hoping to increase ejaculation volume? Yeah, sorry fellas, but if you’re looking to increase your volume or other grading criteria, Viagra isn’t your huckleberry. You’re better off staying hydrated and not masturbating too often.
So, what exactly does Viagra do to men? What it’s supposed to. Unfortunately, that’s not something that’s always well understood. Here’s your takeaway:
NO, Viagra doesn’t have any noticeable impact on your sex drive, sexual stimulation or general level of interest in sex.
AND NO, it won’t trigger a sudden erection right after you take it or prevent you from having sex normally.
LUCKILY, although Viagra can cause side effects, most are mild, and there’s no evidence that it will cause any medical condition simply because you use it to treat erectile dysfunction.
BUT be careful — like tadalafil, vardenafil, and other phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, Viagra should be prescribed and taken under the medical advice of a healthcare professional.
Put simply, Viagra makes getting and maintaining an erection easier. That’s it — there’s no catch, hidden effects, or long-term complications to worry about, provided you use it as prescribed.
If you’re ready to see what the little blue pill can do for your sexual experience today, reach out.
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This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The information contained herein is not a substitute for and should never be relied upon for professional medical advice. Always talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of any treatment. Learn more about our editorial standards here.